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This is a list of vacuum tubes or ''thermionic valves'', and low-pressure gas-filled tubes, or ''discharge tubes''. Before the advent of semiconductor devices, thousands of tube types were used in consumer and industrial electronics; today only a few types are still used in specialized applications. ==Heater or filament ratings== (詳細はDC current), except if the (due to the voltage gradient along the filament) poorly defined cathode potential impedes the function of the device, as is the case e.g. with AM detector diodes with filament voltages of 1.9 V or more. # * 1.25 V for one NiCd cell # * 1.4 V for one Leclanché cell, later for one dry cell # * 1.7 to 1.9 V for one lead-acid cell with a variable filament resistor ((ドイツ語:Heizregler)) # * 2 V for one lead-acid cell # * 2.5 V for two NiCd cells # * 4 V for two lead-acid cells # Types for AC-only equipment with a mains transformer, or for car radios; all tube heaters are rated at the same voltage and fed in parallel from a transformer winding or from the car battery, usually 6.3V (domestic AC-only, and 6V car radios) or 12.6V (mainly 12V car radios). Most are indirectly heated. # Types for equipment designed to run on either AC or DC mains power (ac/dc) with no mains transformer; all heaters are connected in series, possibly with an additional ballast tube (barretter) or power resistor chosen so that the sum of the heater and ballast voltages equals the mains voltage. All tubes must be rated at the same heater current, typically 100, 150, 300 or 450 mA. They are always indirectly heated. The currents drawn by parallel-connected types, and the voltages across series-connected types, vary widely according to the tube's heating power requirements. Otherwise identical tubes were manufactured in several variants with different heater characteristics〔 - Chapter 6 discusses heater voltages as one of the many factors leading to proliferation of tube types.〕 (but usually the same power, e.g. 6.3 V/300 mA and 12.6 V/150 mA). See, for example, the RCA Receiving Tube Manuals. In ''half-indirectly'' heated tubes the cathode and one side of the filament share the same pin. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of vacuum tubes」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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